From World War I to Today: The Ongoing Battle Over The State Guard Uniform

We’re proud to present a powerful new addition to StateDefenseForce.com’s library of original articles. In this insightful piece, the incredible and distinguished Professor Barry Stentiford delves into the century-long struggle between state and federal authorities over the right to determine what State Defense Forces wear. His article examines the National Guard Bureau’s latest directive mandating red name tapes, insignia, and caps for State Defense Forces, tracing how this ongoing debate over uniform control dates back to World War I and continues to shape the identity and pride of America’s State Defense Forces today.

“Who Decides What State Guardsmen Wear?: The Century-Long Struggle Over Uniforms” explores the long and often contentious relationship between state and federal authorities over how State Defense Forces should appear in uniform. The article traces the debate from World War I through the 2024 National Guard Bureau Instruction (CNGBI 5500.01A), which reignited controversy by restricting State Guards from wearing federal insignia, combat patches, or qualification badges. It examines historical precedents such as the “red star” sleeve markings of World War I, the restrictive War Department policies of World War II, and the ongoing federal efforts to make state troops visibly distinct from federal soldiers. Through detailed examples, it shows how state leaders have consistently resisted what they view as unnecessary federal interference, defending their right to design uniforms that foster pride and public legitimacy. The piece reveals that the current dispute is part of a century-old struggle over authority, symbolism, and the identity of America’s state military forces.

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